Which model posits separate sensory, short-term, and long-term stores with linear transfer of information?

• A. Cognitive Load Theory
• B. Multi-Store Model
• C. Schema Theory
• D. Working Memory Model

Answer: (B)

The concept being tested is that memory is made up of distinct storage systems connected by a straightforward, one-way flow of information. In this view, there’s a separate sensory memory that briefly holds incoming stimuli, a short-term memory that has limited capacity and duration, and a long-term memory with essentially unlimited capacity and duration. Information moves from sensory memory into short-term memory through attention; then, with rehearsal or encoding, it can be transferred into long-term memory. Retrieval brings information back into short-term memory when needed.

This linear transfer of information—sensory to short-term to long-term in a sequence, with each store operating somewhat independently—is the hallmark of this model. It fits the description precisely, which is why it’s the best answer. Other models focus on different aspects: the Working Memory Model emphasizes how short-term processing is divided into components rather than a simple chain to long-term memory; Schema Theory deals with how existing knowledge structures shape encoding and retrieval; Cognitive Load Theory concerns how task demands affect the amount of working memory used, not a hierarchical three-store model.