What is one role of estrogen in the female reproductive system?

• A. Prepares the uterus for pregnancy
• B. Deepens the voice
• C. Stimulates sperm production
• D. Controls blood sugar

Answer: (A)

Estrogen’s key role here is to cause the lining of the uterus (the endometrium) to thicken and develop a richer blood supply so the uterus is ready to receive a fertilized egg. In the first half of the menstrual cycle, rising estrogen from the developing ovarian follicles stimulates endometrial proliferation, building up tissue and vessels needed for implantation. After ovulation, progesterone takes over to transform that proliferative lining into a secretory one, but the initial preparation comes from estrogen-driven growth. That makes “prepares the uterus for pregnancy” the best answer. The other options reflect functions of different hormones or body systems: deepening the voice is typically caused by androgens like testosterone; stimulating sperm production is a male function; controlling blood sugar is not a primary estrogen role.